摘 要

随着模具工业的迅猛的发展，模具设计与制造以成为一个行业，工业生产中普遍采用模具成型工艺方法，有效地保证了产品的生产率和质量，使操作技术简化，还能省料、节能，获得显著的经济效益。由于产品的材料和工艺特性不同，生产用的设备也各异，模具种类繁多，但用的最为广泛的大约有以下几种：冷冲压模、塑料成型模、锻造模、精密铸造模、粉末冶金模、橡胶成型模、玻璃成型模、窑业制品模、食品糖果模、建材用模等。其中以冷冲压模、塑料模的技术要求和复杂程度较高。

本文旨在探讨某腰形零件落料模的设计过程及其关键技术。首先，简要介绍了冲压模具行业的发展历程、未来趋势以及其在现代工业中的重要地位，为后续模具设计提供了行业背景知识。接着，针对腰形零件的特性，进行了冲压模具的方案选择，包括结构件的工艺分析、结构特点的研究以及冲压模具类型的合理选择。在落料模具设计章节中，详细阐述了排样设计、冲压总工艺力的计算、压力机型号的选定，以及模具成形零件如凸模和凹模的设计、模架设计和其他模具零件设计等内容。最后，总结了整个设计过程的关键点，为实际生产提供了理论支持和设计参考。

关键词：冲压模具；腰形零件；落料模设计；工艺分析；模具结构；成形零件设计

Abstract

With the rapid development of mold industry, mold design and manufacturing to become an industry, mold molding process is widely used in industrial production, effectively ensure the productivity and quality of products, simplify the operation technology, but also can save materials, energy saving, to obtain significant economic benefits. Due to the product material and process characteristics, production equipment is different, mold is various, but the most widely used about the following several: cold stamping, plastic molding, forging, precision casting, powder metallurgy, rubber molding, glass, kiln products, food candy, building materials, etc. Among them, the technical requirements and complexity of cold stamping die and plastic die are relatively high.

This paper aims to discuss the design process and key technology of a waist part. First, it briefly introduces the development process, the future trend of the stamping die industry and its important position in the modern industry, and provides the industry background knowledge for the subsequent mold design. Then, according to the characteristics of waist parts, the scheme of stamping mold is selected, including the process analysis of structural parts, the study of structural characteristics and the reasonable selection of stamping mold type. In the section of die design of drop materials, the sample design, the calculation of stamping total process force, the selection of press model, and the design of mold forming parts such as convex and concave mold, mold frame design and other mold parts design are elaborated. Finally, the key points of the whole design process are summarized, providing theoretical support and design reference for the actual production.

Key words: stamping die; waist parts; drop die design; process analysis; die structure; forming parts design

目  录

摘 要

Abstract

1 绪论

1.1 选题的依据和意义

1.2 本课题在国内外的研究动态

1.3 研究主要内容

2 零件的工艺分析和工艺方案的确定

2.1 冲压件的工艺分析

2.2 确定工艺方案及模具的结构形式

2.3 排样、计算条料宽度及步距的确定

2.3.1 搭边值的确定

2.3.2 条料宽度的确定

2.3.3 定位销间距的确定

2.3.4 排样

2.3.5 材料利用率的计算：

3 冲裁力的计算

3.1 计算冲裁力的公式

3.2 总冲裁力、卸料力、推料力和总冲压力

3.2.1 总冲裁力

3.2.2 卸料力Fx的计算

3.2.3 推料力Ft的计算

3.2.4 总的冲压力的计算

4 模具压力中心与计算

5 落料模间隙的确定

6 刃口尺寸的计算

6.1 刃口尺寸计算的基本原则

6.2 刃口尺寸的计算

6.3 计算凸、凹模刃口的尺寸

6.4 冲裁刃口高度

7 主要零部件的设计

7.1 工作零件的结构设计

7.1.1 凹模的设计

7.1.2 外形凸模的设计

7.1.3 凸模垫板的设计

7.1.4 卸料板的设计

7.2 模架及其它零件的设计

7.2.1 上下模座

7.2.2 模柄

7.2.3 模具的闭合高度

8 压力机的选择

结论

参考文献

致 谢