摘  要

本文旨在研究小汽车气压通风盘式制动器的结构设计。首先，阐述了制动系统设计的意义及制动器的发展历程，明确了本文研究的主要内容。通过对鼓式制动器和盘式制动器的介绍与分类，分析了小汽车制动器的选型依据和设计原则。在此基础上，详细设计了小汽车气压通风盘式制动器的各项参数，包括制动盘、摩擦衬块、制动钳、衬块报警装置等关键部件的选型与尺寸确定。同时，根据制动法规和相关标准，计算了制动力矩、制动轮缸直径、紧急制动时踏板力以及制动踏板行程等关键参数。此外，对制动器的主要零部件进行了结构设计与强度计算，包括制动盘、制动钳、制动块和摩擦材料的选择与设计，以及制动器热容量和温升的核算与强度校核。研究结果表明，所设计的气压通风盘式制动器具有较高的制动效能和稳定性，能够满足小汽车的制动需求。

关键词：小汽车；气压通风盘式制动器；制动器选型；制动参数计算；强度计算

Abstract

This paper aims to study the structural design of the car pneumatic ventilation disc brake. Firstly, the significance of brake system design and the development process of brake are expounded, and the main content of this paper is clarified. Through the introduction and classification of drum brake and disc brake, the selection basis and design principle of car brake are analyzed. On this basis, the parameters of the car pneumatic ventilation disc brake are designed in detail, including the selection and size determination of key components such as brake disc, friction liner, brake clamp and liner alarm device. At the same time, according to the brake regulations and related standards, the key parameters such as brake torque, brake wheel cylinder diameter, emergency brake pedal force and brake pedal stroke are calculated. In addition, the structural design and strength calculation are made for the main components of the brake, including the selection and design of the brake disc, brake pliers, brake block and friction materials, as well as the accounting and strength check of the heat capacity and temperature rise of the brake. The results show that the designed pneumatic ventilation disc brake has high braking efficiency and stability, and can meet the braking needs of cars.

Key words: car; pneumatic ventilation disc brake; brake selection; brake parameter calculation; strength calculation