摘要
本文主要论述三相直流伺服电机调速系统的设计方法。主控单元为伺服电机专用控制芯片80C196MC，辅以键盘、显示器、检测电路、功率电路、驱动电路、保护电路等。直流伺服电机内置3个霍尔传感器，用于检测转子的位置，决定电机的换相，系统根据该信号计算电机的转速，用于实现速度反馈控制。
系统给定转速由键盘输入，并能实时显示转速；功率芯片选用性能价格比较高的快速MOSFET；功率驱动选用带保护电路和过流输出的集成芯片IR2130，可实现电机的高频快速起动；系统还设置了电流采样电路，与速度反馈电路组成双闭环系统，可以实现电机的快速起动并获得良好的带负载性能，达到了设计任务书的要求。
软件方面根据直流伺服电动机的组成、脉宽调制和工作原理，结合80C196MC的硬件部分和软件编程的特点，设计了无刷直流调速系统的软件。系统软件分为主程序和中断程序两大主块，主程序完成系统的初始化， LED显示器扫描和键盘功能处理程序等部分。
关键字：直流伺服电动机；16位单片机；位置传感器；闭环系统；MOSFET；功率驱动
The designations of the BLDCM velocity modulation system based on the 80C196MC single chip microcomputer
Abstract
This article mainly discusses the designations of three-phase BLDCM velocity modulation system. The master controlled unit is BLDCM special-purpose control chip 80C196MC, assistances with the keyboard, the monitor, examines the electric circuit, the power electric circuit, actuates the electric circuit, the protection circuit and so on. The BLDCM with 3 Hall sensors establishing inside, to exam the position of the rotor and decide the phase change of electrical machinery, the system calculates the rotational speed of the electrical machinery to realize the velocity-feedback control according to the Hall signal.
The rotational speed of the system is offered by the keyboard entry, and the real-time rotational speed can be display; The power chip selects higher performance-to-price ratio and faster MOSFET; The power actuation selects the integrated chip IR2130 with protection circuit and over-electric current output , which can realize the electrical machinery’s high-frequency and quick-starting; The system also has established the electric current sampling electric circuit, with the velocity feedback electric circuit constituting the doubling closed-loop system, which can realize the electrical machinery quick- starting and obtain the good load performance, has met the requirements of the design project.
Software is painted as a direct motor of the modulation, a wide and principle, the hardware and software 80c196mc programming, design the system of the dc machinery velocity modulation. in software system software application programs, and the two great and complete system of the main program initialization, led display the functions of the processing procedures with the keyboard.
Keywords: Brushless DC Motor; 6bit Single-chip Microcomputer; Position sensors; Closed-loop system; MOSFET; Power actuation.
