基于POI数据的宜宾市公共服务设施空间布局研究
摘要：随着城市化进程不断加快与居民生活质量不断提高，居民对公共服务设施的需求也日益增加，但是由于公共服务设施空间布局的不合理，导致了环境、交通等各方面的问题逐渐凸显。因此，本文以宜宾市为研究区，借助ArcGIS软件中的自然断点法、标准差椭圆法、核密度分析法和空间自相关分析法，对采集到的宜宾市六个类别的公共服务设施的POI数据进行数量、分布方向、聚集情况以及空间自相关性方面的研究分析。研究结果表明：（1）六类公共服务设施区域分布不平均，设施数量分布最多的是主城区，有3130个设施点；最少的是屏山县，只有323个。（2）六类公共服务设施均呈现出“西北—东南”走向；体育设施扁率为0.24，方向性最显著，金融保险设施扁率仅为0.14，分布方向最不明显。（3）六类公共服务设施都在三江交汇区域产生明显聚集且呈现单核心形式分布。（4）公共服务设施的Moran’I指数都大于0，空间自相关性强烈，存在明显空间正相关性；Z得分大于2.58且P值小于0.01，有99%的可信度。
关键词：公共服务设施； POI； 空间布局； 核密度分析； 空间自相关
Research on the spatial layout of public service facilities in Yibin City based on POI data
Abstract: With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous improvement of residents' quality of life, the demand for public service facilities among residents is also increasing. However, due to the unreasonable spatial layout of public service facilities, environmental, transportation and other issues are gradually becoming prominent. Therefore, taking Yibin City as the study area, this paper analyzes the quantity, distribution direction, aggregation and spatial autocorrelation of the POI data collected from six categories of public service facilities in Yibin City with the help of the natural breakpoint method, standard deviation ellipse method, kernel density analysis method and spatial autocorrelation analysis method in ArcGIS software. The results show that: (1) The distribution of the six types of public service facilities is uneven, with the largest number of facilities in the main urban area with 3130 facilities, and the least in Pingshan County, with only 323. (2) The six types of public service facilities all showed a "northwest-southeast" trend, the flat ratio of sports facilities was 0.24, and the directionality was the most significant, while the flat ratio of financial and insurance facilities was only 0.14, and the distribution direction was the least obvious. (3) The six types of public service facilities are obviously clustered in the area of the intersection of the three rivers and show a single-core distribution. (4) The Moran'I index of public service facilities is greater than 0, and the spatial autocorrelation is strong, and there is an obvious spatial positive correlation, and the Z score is greater than 2.58 and the P value is less than 0.01, which has 99% confidence.
Key words: Public service facilities, POI, Spatial layout, Kernel density analysis, Spatial autocorrelation
目 录
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究背景与研究意义
1.1.1 研究背景
1.1.2 研究意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.2.1 国内研究现状
1.2.2 国外研究现状
1.3 研究内容与技术路线
1.3.1 研究内容
1.3.2 技术路线
第2章 研究区概况与数据来源
2.1 研究区概况
2.2 数据来源
第3章 研究方法
3.1 自然断点法
3.2 标准差椭圆
3.3 核密度分析
3.4 空间自相关分析
第4章 宜宾市公共服务设施概况
4.1 设施分类
4.2 各类设施状况
第5章 公共服务设施空间布局分析
5.1 公共服务设施数量分布情况分析
5.2 公共服务设施分布方向分析
5.3 公共服务设施空间聚集分析
5.4 公共服务设施空间布局关联性分析
结论
致谢
参考文献
