摘 要
随着我国多层廉租房的建设，多层住宅的建筑结构设计也逐渐得到了人们的普遍关注，尤其是住房的经济性、实用性、抗震性、结构的设计、材料的选取和使用等几个方面的关注。本文为我为家乡做贡献-外来民工廉租房建筑结构设计说明，包括建筑设计和结构设计两个部分。本工程为钢筋混凝土现浇框架结构，楼面可采用现浇钢筋混凝土结构。基础可为浅基础或桩基础。
建筑设计按照使命宣言的要求，采用农民工低工资住房标准。综合考虑环境、使用特点、户型选择、材料和建筑艺术等，确定设计方案，制作建筑图纸。结构设计计算包括截面尺寸的初步估算、各种荷载的推导、框架强度计算、荷载组合、截面设计、钢筋计算、楼梯设计和基础设计。框架内力计算包括水平地震力作用下的内力计算，竖向恒载和活荷载作用下的内力计算。在计算水平地震作用时，采用顶点位移法确定自然振荡周期，采用楼板剪力法计算楼板地震剪力，采用“D值法”计算框架力量。低于水平地震活动。正常载荷下框架内力的计算采用弯矩二次分布法。框架内力计算完成后，进行荷载组合，选择最不利的荷载组合进行截面设计。本文主要从多层廉租房的框架结构和抗震性入手，探讨多层廉租房的建筑结构设计。
关键词：廉租房；框架结构；建筑设计；结构设计；钢筋混凝土
Abstract
With the construction of multi-storey low-rent housing in China, the architectural structure design of multi-storey housing has gradually attracted widespread attention, especially the housing economy, practicality, seismic resistance, structural design, the selection and use of materials and other aspects of the attention.This article contributes to my hometown-migrant workers low-rent housing construction design description, including two architectural design and structural design parts.The project is a reinforced concrete cast-in-place frame structure, and the floor can adopt a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure.The foundation may be a shallow or pile foundation.
The building design adopts the standard of low-wage housing according to the requirements of the mission statement for migrant workers.Considering the environment, use characteristics, house selection, materials and architectural art, etc., determine the design scheme, make architectural drawings.Structural design calculation includes preliminary estimation of section size, derivation of various loads, frame strength calculation, load combination, section design, reinforcement calculation, stair design, and foundation design.The framework internal force calculation includes the internal force calculation under the horizontal seismic force, and the vertical constant loads and live loads.When calculating the horizontal seismic effect, the vertex displacement method is used to determine the natural oscillation period, the floor shear method is used to calculate the floor seismic shear force, and the "D value method" is used to calculate the frame force.Below-horizontal seismic activity.The calculation of the frame under normal load adopts quadratic distribution of bending moment.After the in-frame force calculation, the load combination and the most unfavorable load combination are selected for cross section design.This paper mainly starts with the frame structure and seismic resistance of multi-storey low-rent housing, and discusses the building structure design of multi-storey low-rent housing.
Key words: low-rent housing; frame structure; architectural design; structural design; reinforced concrete
